艺术教育的四副面孔

Four Faces of Artistic Education

艺术教育与美育密切相关,但是不同形式的艺术教育有不同的目标。今天的艺术教育至少可以区分为四种形式:艺术专业教育、艺术学术教育、艺术素质教育、教育艺术教育。艺术专业教育侧重技巧教育,艺术学术教育侧重知识教育,艺术素质教育侧重态度教育,教育艺术教育侧重行动教育。艺术专业教育目标是培养艺术家,艺术学术教育目标是培养艺术学者,艺术素质教育目标是培养艺术公众,教育艺术教育目标是培养行动者。尽管这些不同形式的艺术教育都可以与美育发生关系,但是美育在其中所占的比重不同。艺术素质教育与美育关系最为紧密。通过对艺术教育的不同形式的分析,可以避免混淆和没有必要的争议。

Artistic education and aesthetic education are closely connected,but different forms of artistic education have distinct objectives.Today,the forms of artistic education can be classified into at least four categories:artistic vocational education,artistic academic education,artistic quality-oriented education,and educational art education.They respectively lay emphasis on education of skills,knowledge,attitude,and action,and their objectives are to train people into artists and artistic scholars,to enlarge the number of art-enamored people,and to cultivate artistic actors.All forms of artistic educations above are related to aesthetic education in diffferent degrees.Among them,artistic quality-oriented education is the most related one.People can avoid confusion and unnecessary disputes through the analysis of various forms of artistic education.