卷盘式喷灌机牵引装置油光互补供电系统配置优化

Optimal Configuration for Gasoline-Solar Complementary Driven Traction Device of Hard-hose Traveler

针对卷盘式喷灌机灌溉准备工作中拖拉机牵引喷头车及供水管时存在的压实土壤、破坏作物、能耗浪费及灵活性差等问题,基于光伏板、蓄电池、汽油发电机互补供电技术,提出了一种电动牵引装置。根据牵引装置动力需求,以供电系统年费用为目标函数,以负载亏电率、蓄电池荷电状态为约束条件,以光伏板、蓄电池数目和汽油发电机额定功率为决策变量建立优化模型,利用基于罚函数的粒子群算法(Particle swarm optimization algorithm,PSO)求解,并在陕西省杨凌地区气候条件下进行了优化模型应用,得到年费用最低的供电系统配置:光伏板数目为2块、蓄电池数目为4块、汽油发电机额定功率为3 kW,此配置下年费用为2 740.69元。通过不同配置方案的对比,对模型优化结果进行了验证。最后,以最优方案配置供电系统进行了为期3 d的田间运行试验,结果表明:不同时段、不同天气类型下系统发电量始终大于耗电量,系统累计发电量为5.01 kW·h,负载累计耗电量为4.71 kW·h,所选试验条件下优化配置满足牵引装置运行要求。

Nowadays,the hose-drawn travelers have been gaining more popularity worldwide,especially in China.The sprinkler cart and polyethylene(PE)pipe need to be dragged to the start position of spray before the hose-drawn traveler working.For this problem,tractor is mostly used,but it often causes damage to soil and crops.In order to solve the problem,a supporting traction device for the hose-drawn traveler was proposed,which was driven by gasoline solar complementary power supply system.To explore the power matching design method of the gasoline solar complementary drive traction device,an optimal model for traction device configuration was established.According to the power demand of the device,the annual cost of power supply system was taken as the objective function,and the load loss of power supply probability and battery state of charge were the constraints.The number of PV panels,batteries as well as the rated power of the gasoline generator was used as the decision variables.In addition,the particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm based on penalty function was employed to solve the optimal model,and the optimal configuration of the power supply system was obtained.Then,application of the optimization model was carried out based on the weather condition and experimental periods in Yangling,Shaanxi Province.The power supply system configuration with the lowest annual cost was achieved.The optimal configuration was composed of two photovoltaic panels,four batteries and a gasoline generator with rated power of 3 kW,respectively.Correspondingly,the annual cost was 2 740.69 yuan.Finally,the power supply system was configured with the optimal solution and a three-day field operation test was conducted.The results showed that the generated power of the system was always greater than the consumed power at different periods and different weather.During the whole test,the accumulated generated power and consumed power of the system were 5.01 kW·h and 4.71 kW·h,respectively,and the optimal configuration results were able to meet the operational requirements of the device.It was showed that the proposed method was appropriate and the power supply system was with high reliability.