胡麻脱粒物料分离清选机设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Separating and Cleaning Machine for Flax Threshing Material

为提高胡麻脱粒物料分离清选机械化水平,在结合胡麻脱粒物料流动特性(脱粒物料堆积角、与不锈钢的滑动角)、研究分离清选作业工艺流程的基础上,设计了胡麻脱粒物料分离清选机。通过对样机关键作业部件进行设计选型,确定了振动喂料系统、籽粒分离装置、杂余自动排料装置、吸杂风机及旋风分离器的关键工作参数;分析了杂余自动排料装置作业过程,得出确保该装置实现自动排料的必要条件,并完成了样机作业性能试验。试验结果表明,当振动喂料系统电磁激振器振幅控制在14~18 mm、气流清选系统吸杂风机变频频率控制在50~60 Hz时,作业机具有较强的物料适应性,胡麻脱粒物料分离清选机作业后籽粒清洁率为92.66%、夹带总损失率为1.58%,杂余自动排料装置无明显的堵塞现象,试验结果满足设计要求。

Flax is one of the important oil crops in northwest China,and Gansu Province is one of the main producing areas of flax.To enhance the mechanization level of separating and cleaning of flax threshing materials,based on the study of the flow characteristics(accumulation angle and slip angle with steel of material)and separation-cleaning technological process of flax threshing materials,a separating and cleaning machine for flax threshing material was designed.Through designing and selecting of key operating components of the prototype,the important working parameters of the vibration feeding system,grain separation device,suction fan and cyclone separator were determined.The operation process of automatic discharging discarded device was analyzed and the necessary work conditions to ensure automatic discharge were obtained.For the relevant work performance test of prototype,when the electromagnetic exciter amplitude of the vibration feeding system was controlled at 14~18 mm,and the conversion frequency of the suction fan of the air cleaning system was controlled at 50~60 Hz,the operating machine had a strong adaptability to flax threshing material.After the operation of separating and cleaning machine for flax threshing materials,the cleaning rate of grains was 92.66%,the total entrained loss rate of was 1.58%,there was no obvious blockage in the automatic discharging discarded device and the experimental results met the design requirements of operation machine.The research results can provide an important reference for small grain crop threshing material separating and cleaning equipment development.