滇中城市群国土空间格局识别与时空演化特征分析

Identification of Territory Space Pattern and Spatio-temporal Evolution Analysis of Urban Agglomeration in Central Yunnan

为探索国土空间格局时空演化规律和分异特征,揭示国土空间数量结构与空间格局之间的耦合机理,开展了区域国土空间格局变化研究。以高原山区城市——滇中城市群为例,选取2000年、2005年、2009年和2015年土地利用数据、DEM数据作为基础数据源,从数量结构和空间布局两个方面对4个时点上滇中城市群国土空间格局变化特征进行分析。结果表明:以高原山区为主导的地形特征影响了滇中城市群国土空间格局分布,其垂直差异性显著,滇中城市群生态空间为绝对主体,生产、生活空间主要分布在城市群中部以东区域;2000—2015年三生空间变化速度加快,且区域差异明显,生产、生活空间逐渐增加,生态空间持续减少,总体呈现“入不敷出”的态势,生态空间和生产空间面积的相互转换构成了国土空间格局图谱演变的主要类型;国土空间利用程度逐年提高,国土空间利用程度热点区主要集中分布在研究区中部和东部的部分地区;4个时点上,研究区国土空间格局总体沿东北西南走向分布,生产、生活空间在东北方向的分布最为聚集,生态空间格局分布较随机;生产、生活空间核密度测算值空间分布特征表现为中部、西部及东北部高,南部、西南部及西北部低,多核扩散破碎化明显,生态空间核密度测算值空间分布特征表现为中部以东较为密集,受人类活动干扰,破碎化严重,分布不均匀;西部大开发战略与相应土地政策实施促使滇中城市群国土空间格局变化明显。

Carrying out research on regional territory space pattern change,exploring its evolution regularity and differentiation and revealing the coupling mechanism between the quantitative structure and spatial pattern of territory space have guiding significance for promoting the orderly,appropriate and sustainable development and utilization of territory space.Taking the plateau mountainous city-the urban agglomeration in the central Yunnan as an example,and selecting the land use data in 2000,2005,2009 and 2015 and DEM data as the basic data source,from the aspects of quantitative structure and spatial layout to analyze the characteristics of territory space pattern change of the urban agglomeration in the central Yunnan at four time points.,revealing the spatio-temporal evolution and differentiation of the territory space pattern.The results showed that the topographical features of the plateau mountainous areas affected the distribution of the territory space pattern of the urban agglomerations in central Yunnan,and the vertical differences characteristics were significant.The ecological space was the absolute main body of the territory space type in the urban agglomeration,and the production and living space were mainly distributed in the east of the central part of the study area.In the past 15 years,the spatial change of the production living ecological space was accelerated and the regional differences were obvious.The production and living space area were gradually increased,and the ecological space continued to be decreased,showing an overall situation of“break the pale”.The mutual transformation of ecological and production space area constituted the main type of evolution of the territory space pattern.The territory space use degree was increased year by year,and the hotspots of territory space use degree were mainly concentrated in some areas in the central and eastern parts of the study area.At four time points,the territory space pattern in the study area was generally distributed along the northeast-southwest direction.The distribution of production and living space in the northeast was the most concentrated,and the ecological space pattern was more random.The spatial distribution characteristics of kernel density in production and living space were characterized by high density in the central,western and northeastern regions,and low in the south,southwest and northwest,and multi-nuclear diffusion and fragmentation.The spatial distribution characteristics of the calculated values of the kernel density of the ecological space were relatively dense in the east of the central part of the urban agglomeration,and disturbed by human activities,with severe fragmentation and uneven distribution.The development strategy of the western region and the implementation of the corresponding land policy made the territory space structure of the urban agglomerations in central Yunnan a significant change.