膜下滴灌条件下不同补水量对主食化马铃薯生长发育的影响

Effects of Different Water Supplementation on The Growth and Development of Staple Food Potato under Drip Irrigation under Membrane

试验通过设置6个不同水平的补水量,研究了在膜下滴灌条件下不同补水量对马铃薯主食化新品种宁薯16号生长发育的影响。结果表明:除苗期外各生育期株高均随着补水量的增加而增加,说明补水在花期以前能够促进了宁薯16号植株快速生长,花期以后能推迟了植株萎缩;蕾期和花期随着补水量的增加,SPAD值均逐渐增大,淀粉积累期和成熟期随着补水量的增加,SPAD值呈现先增加后减少的单峰曲线变化趋势,说明在不同需水量时期不同的补水量对宁薯叶片叶绿素影响不同;各个生育期随着补水量的增加,LAI均是先增加后减小,且均当补水量为2250m^3/hm^2时LAI达到最大值,进一步加大补水量LAI则逐渐减小;宁薯16号干物质累积量随着生育进程的推进而逐渐增加,表现为慢一快一慢的“S”型曲线,适量补水能显著促进茎、块茎、叶生长,却对根系生长有一定的抑制作用,干物质累积总量随着补水量的增加先增加后减小。综合分析,膜下滴灌条件下最有利于宁薯16号生长发育的补水量为2250m^3/hm^2。

By setting 6 different levels of water supplement,this experiment studied the influence of different water supplement on the growth and development of Ningshu 16,a new potato staple food variety,under the condition of drip irrigation under film.The results show that plant height increases with the increase of water supplementation in all growth stages except seedling stage,indicating that water supplementation promotes the rapid growth of Ningshu 16 plant before flowering stage,and delays plant atrophy after flowering stage;SPAD value gradually increases with the increase of water supplementation in bud and flowering stage,and shows a single peak curve change trend of increasing and then decreasing with the increase of water supplementation in starch accumulation stage and mature stage,indicating that different water supplementation has different effects on chlorophyll in Ningshu 16 potato leaves at different water demand periods.With the increase of supplementary water amount in each growth period,LAI first increases and then decreases,and when the supplementary water amount is 2 250 m^3/hm^2,LAI reaches its maximum value,and LAI decreases gradually when the supplementary water amount further increases.The dry matter accumulation amount of Ningshu 16 increases gradually with the growth process and shows an“S”curve of slow to fast to slow.Adequate water supplementation can significantly promote the growth of stem,tuber and leaf,but has a certain inhibiting effect on the root growth.According to comprehensive analysis,under drip irrigation under membrane,the water supplement most conducive to the growth and development of Ningshu 6 is 2 250 m^3/hm^2.