明清时期贵州茶叶产地分布变迁及特征研究

Study on the Changes and Characteristics of Guizhou Tea Producing Area Distribution in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

贵州是我国古茶区之一,产茶历史悠久。明清时期是贵州茶业发展的重要阶段。明代,贵州茶叶产地分布在境内的部分区域,朝廷在贵州设置茶仓,表明当时茶叶产地分布范围有所扩大,茶叶产量有所提高。清代,贵州茶叶产地几乎分布在全省的各府、厅、州、县,茶叶产量增长迅速,贵州茶业在全国茶业排位当中已有一席之地。文章在贵州地方志中辑录相关茶叶资料,梳理明清贵州各府、厅、州、县茶叶产地分布状况,总结明清贵州茶叶产地分布变迁的特征,从自然环境、农业发展水平及人口分布三个维度探讨明清贵州茶叶产地形成的原因。

Guizhou is one of the ancient tea areas in China,with a long history of tea production..The Ming and Qing Dynasties were an important stage in the development of Guizhou tea industry.In the Ming Dynasty,Guizhou tea production areas were distrib-uted in some areas of the territory.The government set up a tea warehouse in Guizhou,indicating that the distribution of tea produc-tion areas was expanded and tea production increased.In the Qing Dynasty,the tea production areas in Guizhou were distributed in various prefectures,offices,states and counties,and the tea production soared,with Guizhou tea industry taking up a place in the national tea industry.The article collects relevant tea materials from the local chronicles of Guizhou in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,sorts out the distribution of tea production areas in various prefectures and counties in Guizhou at that time,summarizes the charac-teristics of the distribution and changes of Guizhou tea production areas in Ming and Qing Dynasties,discussing.the reasons for the formation of Guizhou tea production areas from the three dimensions of natural environment,agricultural development level and pop-ulation distribution.