非编码RNA在植物中的研究进展

Research Progress of Non-coding RNA in Plants

蛋白质是生命活动的承担者、体现者,因此,人们一度认为只有编码蛋白质的RNA才具有重要功能。然而随着近年来高通量测序的发展和生物信息学水平的提高,非编码RNA(non-coding,ncRNAs)被大量发现。植物非编码RNA是一类在转录组中不编码蛋白的RNA,对植物生命活动起着重要的调控作用。总结了植物ncRNAs的分类和生物学功能并对其中几种主要ncRNAs如microRNAs(small non-coding RNAs,miRNAs)、lncRNAs(long non-coding RNAs)、circRNAs(circular RNAs)的产生机理、分子机制及应激反应相关功能等方面进行阐述,为后续植物ncRNAs的研究提供一些有价值的理论依据和参考信息。

Protein is the undertaker and embodiment of life activities.Therefore,it was once thought that only RNA,which encodes proteins,could have important functions.However,with the development of high-throughput sequencingand the improvement of bioinformatics in recent years,a large number of non-coding RNA(ncRNAs) has been found.Plantnon-coding RNA is a kind of RNA that does not encode proteins in transcriptome and plays an important role in regulatingplant life activities.The classification and biological functions of plant ncRNAs were summarized in this study.The productionmechanism,molecular mechanism and related functions of stress response of several main ncRNAs,such as microRNAs(miRNAs),lncRNAs (long non-coding RNAs),circRNAs(circular RNAs) were described in this paper.It provides somevaluable theoretical basis and reference information for the follow-up study of plant ncRNAs.