两种气候条件下梯度有机质含量农田黑土纤维素酶和β-葡糖苷酶活性研究

Cellulase and β-glucosidase activities in arable Mollisols with different organic matter contents under two climates

利用空间移位的方法将5种有机质含量的农田黑土置于中温带大陆性季风气候(MAT4.5)和寒温带大陆性季风气候(MAT1.5)条件下,探究了气候-有机质-施肥对土壤纤维素酶活性和β-葡糖苷酶活性的影响。结果表明:在MAT4.5条件下农田黑土中纤维素酶活性要高于MAT1.5;随有机质含量升高,纤维素酶活性在MAT4.5条件下呈逐渐降低的趋势;施肥能明显提高纤维素酶活性,且在MAT4.5条件下增加幅度较大,而在MAT1.5条件下却呈现出“U”型变化趋势。MAT4.5条件下β-葡糖苷酶活性略高于MAT1.5条件下的活性,其活性均随着土壤有机质含量升高而增强;施肥能提高各有机质含量农田黑土中β-葡糖苷酶活性,在MAT1.5条件下提升幅度较大。方差分析表明气候-有机质-施肥的主效应对土壤纤维素酶与β-葡糖苷酶活性均有显著影响,但是交互作用只对纤维素酶整体活性有显著影响。

In this study,five Mollisols with different soil organic matter(SOM)contents were moved into two climate zones(MAT4.5,warmer climate;and MAT1.5,colder climate)by spatial transplanting.The effects of climate,SOM and fertilization on cellulase andβ-glucosidase activities were investigated.The results showed that both warmer climate and fertilization could enhance cellulase activity;the activity decreased with the increasing SOM in the warmer climate but changed as“U”in the colder climate;while theβ-glucosidase activity increased with the increasing SOM in two climate conditions and two fertilization treatments.Although fertilization could enhanceβ-glucosidase activity,the increasing rates were higher in the colder climate.Warmer climate also increasedβ-glucosidase activity,especially in the no fertilization treatment.The climate,soil organic matter contents and fertilization could significantly influence cellulase andβ-glucosidase activities,however,the interactions among/between them could significantly affect the cellulase activity only.