三语习得中的跨语言影响研究述评

Review of Research on Cross-linguistic Influence in Third Language Acquisition

近年来,三语习得已经被视为不同于二语习得的独立研究领域,引起了越来越多研究者的关注。三语习得中的跨语言影响更是学者们关注的热点问题之一。本文聚焦于心理语言学和生成语言学两个关键视域下三语习得研究中的跨语言影响研究,探讨跨语言影响发生的层面,分析跨语言影响的来源、因素和作用,并总结主要研究方法,评析现有研究中存在的不足,以期对我国三语习得研究和教学有所启示和帮助。

Third language acquisition has been regarded as a unique phenomenon and should be studied as an independent field,which has attracted the attention of more and more researchers in recent years.Research on third language acquisition has focused on different areas of the complex phenomenon of language acquisition.Among the areas that have received more attention,cross-linguistic influence has been one of the hottest issues of concern.This paper briefly summarizes and reviews cross-linguistic influence in third language acquisition from the perspectives of psycholinguistics and generative linguistics.The authors mainly explore various levels of cross-linguistic influence and analyze the primary sources of cross-linguistic influence.Then the reasons for the occurrence of cross-linguistic influence(including the linguistic factor and the learners’factor)and effects of cross-linguistic influence are analyzed in this paper.The parameter resetting and initial state are discussed from the perspective of generative linguistics.Subsequently,this paper makes a list of the common research methods and analyzes the weaknesses in this field in terms of theory construction,research content and methods.It is expected that this research on cross-linguistic influence in third language acquisition will be conducive to better understanding third language acquisition and promoting its development,and provide new insight into the research of third language acquisition and the teaching of third language in China.