“A+了+N”及其构式化

The Constructionalization of “A+le+N”

根据形式语义特征的差异,“A+了+N”构式可分为Ⅰ式和Ⅱ式,表致使和表状态变化。基于构式化(Traugott & Trousdale, 2013)的角度,对“A+了+N”的形成进行历时考察,发现Ⅰ式和Ⅱ式存在不同的演变路径。Ⅰ式出现在宋代,是在形容词使动用法“A+N”的基础上附加动态助词“了”而形成的,而Ⅱ式形成于明代,是受由领主属宾句的“V了”存现句影响而产生的。

According to different syntactic structures and meanings,the paper classifies the various functions and meanings of A+le+N into two patterns:Pattern Ⅰ,expressing causative meaning,and Pattern Ⅱ,showing the change of states.By adopting a constructionalization approach,we investigate the historical development of A+le+N,and two different evolution paths are found.Pattern Ⅰ appeared in Song dynasty,a combination of causative structure A+N and dynamic auxiliary le;Pattern Ⅱ appeared in Ming and Qing dynasty,greatly affected by relative verbal possessum-object construction.