高职医学校女大学生经前期综合征及其人格影响因素相关分析

Correlation analysis of premenstrual syndrome and personality influencing factors among female college students in vocational medical schools

目的探讨高职女大学生经前期综合征(PMS)的发病情况、影响因素,以及PMS与卡特尔16种人格特征的关系。方法2017年3-6月采用自编基本情况问卷、PMS诊断量表和卡特尔16种人格因素测评问卷(16PF)以整群随机抽样的方式对贵州某高职医学院校996名女大学生进行施测,并对数据进行统计学分析。结果996名女大学生中符合PMS诊断标准者445例,患病率为44.7%。不同年级、不同自控能力、不同家庭氛围、不同初潮年龄、不同痛经症状和月经是否规律的高职女大学生PMS患病率比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ^ 2=29.42、6.62、11.88、18.49、29.42、8.83,P<0.05)。PMS女大学生在聪慧性、稳定性、恃强性、兴奋性、敢为性、敏感性、怀疑性、忧虑性、自律性、紧张性、适应与焦虑型、内向与外向型、感情用事与安详机警、心理健康、专业成就、适应能力等人格及次级人格因素方面与未患PMS女大学生比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。年级、稳定性、忧虑性、紧张性和痛经情况是影响PMS发生的重要因素。结论PMS的发生与16PF中敏感性、怀疑性、忧虑性等人格特质有关,提示在对PMS女大学生进行干预时有必要分析并评估其人格特征。

Objective To investigate the incidence situation,influencing factors of premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and the relationship between PMS and 16 personality traits among female college students.Methods The self-made basic information questionnaire,PMS diagnosis scale and Cattell′s 16 Personality Factors Questionnaire(16PF)were adopted to conduct the measurement on 996 female students from a vocational college by using the cluster random sampling method from March to June 2017 and the obtained data were statistically analyzed.Results Among 996 female college students,445 cases met the PMS diagnostic criteria,and the incidence rate was 44.7%.The PMS incidence rate had statistical differences among the female college students with different grades,different self control ability,different family atmospheres,different menarche ages,different painful menstruation symptoms and whether menstruation being regular or not(χ^2=29.42,6.62,11.88,18.49,29.42,8.83,P<0.05);the personality and secondary personality aspects of intelligence,stability,assertiveness,excitement,social boldness,sensitivity,suspicion,anxiety,self-discipline and tension,and appropriate and anxious,introverted and extroverted,emotional and serene alertness,mental health,professional achievement,adaptability had statistical differences between the PMS and non-PMS female college students(P<0.05).The grade,stability,anxiety,tonicity and painful menstruation were the important factors affecting PMS occurrence.Conclusion The occurrence of PMS is correlated to the sensitivity,suspicion and anxiety in 16PF,which prompts that it is necessary to analyze and evaluate the personality characteristics when the intervention is conducted on the female students with PMS.