基于机动车排放的交叉口信号控制仿真与分析

Simulation and Analysis of Intersection Signal Control Based on Vehicle Emission

结合微观仿真元胞自动机模型和机动车排放MOVES模型,以十字信号控制交叉口为仿真对象,研究交叉口信号配时与机动车排放之间的关系.元胞自动机模型将交叉口和路段划分为3.5 m×3.5 m的元胞,每辆车占2个元胞,交叉口内转弯车辆减速慢行,直行车辆速度不受限制,提高了交通仿真的真实性和机动车排放测算的准确性.仿真结果表明:最佳信号周期随着车辆到达率的增加而增加,使得交叉口通行效率达到最大化;行程时间随着左转车比例的增加而增加,对于不同的车辆到达率,均存在一个极限值,当左转车比例低于该极限值时,行程时间变化不大,高于该极限值时,行程时间快速增加;从通行能力、行程时间和尾气排放的角度,交叉口具有不同的最佳信号周期,且差异较大.

The relationship between signal timing and vehicle emission at intersections is studied by combining cellular automata model and MOVES model.Cellular automaton model divides intersections and road sections into 3.5 m×3.5 m cells,each vehicle occupies two cells.In the intersection,turning vehicles slow down,and through vehicles move without restiction,which improves the authenticity of traffic simulation and the accuracy of vehicle emission estimation.The simulation results show that the optimal signal cycle increases with the increase of vehicle arrival rate,which maximizes the efficiency of intersections.The travel time increases with the increase of left-turn ratio,and there is a limit value for each vehich arrival rate.When the left-turn ratio is lower than the limit value,the travel time does not change much.When the left-turn ratio is higher than the limit value,the travel time increases rapidly.From the perspective of capacity,travel time and exhaust emissions,intersections have different characteristics,the optimum signal period is quite different.