威海市售海产品重金属污染情况及食用安全性评价

Heavy Metal Pollution and Food Safety Evaluation of Seafood Sold in Weihai

目的了解威海市售海产品重金属污染水平及食用安全性。方法采集海鱼、甲壳类和软体类样品159份,依据国家标准,测定海产品中铅、镉、铬及总汞的含量,采用单因子污染指数、综合污染指数和目标危害系数(THQ)进行分析评价。结果3种海产品中铅、镉、铬及总汞的检出率分别为67.92%、93.71%、80.50%及98.85%,仅镉、铬有超标,超标率分别为11.95%和1.26%,海鱼类铬含量最高,甲壳类和软体类镉含量较高,3类海产品均有镉超标,海鱼类有铬超标,海鱼类、软体类及甲壳类综合污染指数分别为0.169、0.638和0.806;3类海产品4种金属THQ值及TTQH值均<1。结论该地海产品镉的含量较高,各类海产品均有镉超标。海鱼类和软体类金属污染处于安全水平,甲壳类达到警戒线。长期摄入3类海产品这4种金属对人体不具有潜在的健康风险。

Objective To understand the heavy metal pollution level and food safety of sea products sold in Weihai.Methods 159 samples of marine fish,crustaceans and soft samples were collected.The contents of lead,cadmium,chromium and total mercury in seafood were determined according to national standards.The single factor pollution index,comprehensive pollution index and target hazard coefficient(THQ)were used for analysis and evaluation.Results The detection rates of lead,cadmium,chromium and total mercury in the three seafood products were 67.92%,93.71%,80.50%and 98.85%,respectively.Only cadmium and chromium exceeded the standard,and the over-standard rates were 11.95%and 1.26%respectively.The highest chromium content in fish,the high content of cadmium in crustaceans and soft bodies,the cadmium exceeding the standard in all three types of seafood,the excessive chromium in marine fish,and the comprehensive pollution index of marine fish,molluscs and crustaceans were 0.169 and 0.638,0.806;The THQ value and TTQH value of the four metals of the three types of marine products are all less than 1.Conclusion The content of cadmium in seafood is high,and all kinds of seafood have cadmium exceeding the standard.Marine fish and soft metal pollution is at a safe level,and crustaceans reach a warning line.Long-term intake of three types of seafood,these four metals do not pose a potential health risk to the human body.