章公祖师佛像跨国追索诉讼国际私法问题研究

Study on issues of international private law of transnational recourse litigation of Buddha Statue of Master Zhang Gong

从章公祖师佛像跨国追索诉讼主体资格问题切入,分析佛像的法律性质,探讨涉案物权准据法的确定及适用问题。该案原告应由阳春村全体村民担任。涉案佛像属于文物,建议村民在荷兰法院提起原物返还之诉。受案法院应当适用物权冲突法确定准据法,即可能适用中国内地、中国香港或荷兰法律。被告在购买时应当对涉案佛像来源产生合理怀疑,因此不构成“善意”;原告应尽可能搜集证据证明《荷兰民法典》规定的20年消灭时效因起诉而中断。依据《香港货品售卖条例》和中国内地物权法理论与实践,被告均不能取得系争佛像的所有权。

Started from the issue of subject qualification of transnational recourse litigation of Buddha Statue of Master Zhang Gong,the legal nature of it is analyzed,and the determination and application of lex causae of real right in the case are discussed.The plaintiff in the case should be shouldered by all villagers in Yangchun Village.The Buddha statue belongs to cultural relics,so it is recommended that the villagers file a lawsuit for the return of the original in Dutch court.The court received the case should apply conflict law of property to determine proper lex causae,namely,it may apply the law of China's Mainland,Hong Kong,China or Netherlands.The defendant should have reasonable doubts about the source of Buddha statue when purchasing,who is not acted in“good faith”;and the plaintiff should collect as much evidence as possible to prove that the 20-year extinctive prescription in Dutch Civil Code was suspended by prosecution.According to the Hong Kong Sales Ordinance and the theory and practice property law in China's Mainland,the defendant could not obtain ownership of the Buddha statue.