MOX燃料用于压水堆的经济性分析及回收钚的价值测算

Economical Analysis of MOX Fuel for PWR Reactors and Valuation of Recycled Plutonium

我国采取闭式核燃料循环政策,对压水堆乏燃料进行后处理,提取其中的铀钚等可裂变材料制成混合氧化物燃料(MOX)循环再利用。本文基于法国压水堆使用MOX燃料的经验和相关数据,重点从燃料成本本身,对比分析MOX燃料用于压水堆的经济性。在此基础上,按照与替代燃料等价计算的原则,分别对回收钚用于压水堆和快堆的价值进行测算。结果显示,压水堆使用MOX燃料的成本远高于普通UO2燃料,回收钚用于压水堆中的价值为负,在快堆中利用具有较高价值。

China adopts closed nuclear fuel cycle policy,under which the fissionable plutonium and uranium are extracted from spent PWR fuels through reprocessing,and recycled as mixed oxide fuel(MOX).Based on the experience and relevant data of using MOX fuel in PWRs in France,this paper focuses on the comparative analysis of the economics of MOX fuels used in PWR from the fuel cost itself.On these basis,according to the principle of equivalent calculation with alternative fuels,the value of recycled plutonium for pressurized water reactor and fast reactor is calculated respectively.The results show that the cost of using MOX fuel in PWR is much higher than that of ordinary UO 2 fuel.The value of recycled plutonium used in PWR is negative,but it is of high value in fast reactor.