粤东丘陵山地油茶良种选育初期研究

Initial Study on Selection and Breeding of Camellia oleifera Varieties in Hilly and Mountain Areas of Eastern Guangdong

通过引进省内外经国家或省审(认)定的良种及优良品系资源的油茶优良品种,在我省粤东地区丘陵山地进行种植,开展年度观察、调查,初步筛选出适合我省粤东丘陵地区的优良品种。本文选址广东省东江林场丘陵山地面积13.33hm 2,试验种植84个油茶品种为试验,经过3年的栽培试验研究,通过对试验林生长的树高、地径、冠幅及抽梢平均值,进行测量。初步对比筛选出适应当地生长的2~3个优良品种。试验结果表明:(1)造林两年后,能够适应本地生长的品种由84个剩余55个,其中高州油茶的平均高、平均地径、平均成活率均比普通油茶的平均值高。(2)初步研究认为适合粤东丘陵地区种植,高州油茶无性系是180、82、100、181、248,普通油茶无性系是R3、R8、S10、鹰潭4等9个品种。

By introducing the excellent varieties of Camellia oleifera which have been certified by the state or provincial authorities and the excellent strain resources,we planted them in the hilly and mountainous areas of Eastern Guangdong Province,carried out annual observation and investigation,and preliminarily screened out the excellent varieties suitable for the hilly areas of Eastern Guangdong Province.In this paper,84 Camellia oleifera cultivars were planted on hilly and mountainous areas of 13.33 hm 2 in Dongjiang Forest Farm of Guangdong Province.After three years of cultivation experiments,the average height,diameter,crown width and shooting of the experimental forest were measured.By preliminary comparison,2 to 3 fine varieties suitable for local growth were screened out.The results showed that:(1)after two years of afforestation,the remaining 55 varieties were able to adapt to local growth,and the average high,average ground diameter and average survival rate of Camellia oleifera in Gaozhou were higher than that of common Camellia oleifera.(2)Preliminary studies showed that Gaozhou oil-tea clones were 180,82,100,181 and 248,and common oil-tea clones were R3,R8,S10 and Yingtan 4.