水稻精量旱直播机研究与应用

Research and Application of Rice Precision Direct Seeding Machine for Dry Land

针对国内现有旱直播机械存在的机型单一、播种均匀性和可靠性差等问题,提出了一种同步开沟施肥水稻精量旱穴直播技术,对配套机具的单体仿形机构、播种机液压动力传动系统和电流比例控制株距调节系统进行了研究和分析,在此基础上研制了2BDH系统水稻精量旱穴直播机,在国内进行大面积推广应用。各地应用结果表明,采用精量旱穴直播技术播种的水稻生长成行成穴,通风透气采光性能好,产量高,生产效率高,与移栽种植方式相比省去了育秧、拔秧、运秧和插秧等工序,可节省人工成本2 250~3000元/hm^2(150~200元/亩),与水直播、插秧方式相比可以节省用水25%~30%,节本增效显著,为水稻机械化生产提供了一种先进的轻简化栽培技术装备。

Considering the problem with the direct seeding machine for dry land,which is single model,seeding no-uniformity and unreliability in domestic,this paper proposes a technique that aims to furrow and fertilize the soil at the same time,and we conduct a research to form a complete set of equipment of monomer profiling mechanism,drill hydraulic power transmission system and current proportional control planting distance control system,after that we are able to develop the 2BDH series precise direct seeding machine for dry land.This device has been applied extensively,and feedbacks show that using precise dry hole live technique the rice grows in cavitation,since the ventilated breathe and lighting performance fare well,so the rice yields more than before.Compared with transplanting planting method,it saves the working procedures such as seedling raising,seedling pulling,seedling transport and seedling transplanting,which can save 150~200 yuan/mu labor cost.Compared with water direct seeding and seedling transplanting,It can save water by 25%~30%,so this technique is able to save money significantly.It provides a kind of advanced light and simplified cultivation technology equipment for mechanized rice production.