功能核酸荧光标记型定量统一化检测技术的研究进展

Research Progress in the Quantitative and Unitive Detecting Technologies Based on Functional Nucleic Acid and Labeled Fluorescence

功能核酸是一类具有特定空间构象、执行特异生物功能的天然或者人工核酸序列,具有易于修饰、价格低廉、稳定性高、特异性强等优势,搭载荧光传感系统,组装成多种荧光生物传感器,被广泛应用于环境污染物检测、食品风险因子检测、疾病诊断等多个领域。首先明确功能核酸与荧光定量检测技术等相关概念,详细阐述了几种重要的荧光物质的特点以及其与功能核酸的分子识别、作用方式与发光机制,再主要从功能核酸荧光标记型定量统一化检测技术与其实际应用角度进行分类介绍与评价对比,最后就功能核酸荧光标记型定量统一化检测技术在多种领域的检测分析中的研究意义以及存在的问题进行讨论,并对未来的发展与应用作出展望。

Functional nucleic acid is a natural or an artificial nucleic acid sequence with specific spatial conformation and biological function.It has advantages such as easy to be modified,low cost,high stability and strong specificity.After combined with fluorescence biosensors,the functional nucleic acid-based fluorescent biosensors have been widely used in the detection of environmental pollutants and risk factors of food as well as disease diagnosis.First,we clarify the concepts of functional nucleic acid and quantitative fluorescence detecting technology,and elaborates in detail the features of several key fluorescent materials,as well as their biological molecular recognition,the reaction principles and the luminous models with functional nucleic acid.Then,we describe,assess,and compare the quantitative and unitive detecting technologies based on functional nucleic acid and labeled fluorescence and their applications.Finally,we discuss the research significance and issues while applying the quantitative and unitive detecting technologies of functional nucleic acid and labeled fluorescence in varied detections and prospect the direction of future development and application.