基于粘聚单元模型的平整冰-竖直圆柱体碰撞数值模拟

Numerical simulation of level ice-vertical cylinder collision based on a cohesive element model

基于非线性有限元数值方法,引入粘聚单元模型并结合线性软化弹塑性本构模型,对平整冰与竖直固定圆柱体碰撞进行了数值模拟,研究了碰撞过程中平整冰的破坏模式和柱体所受冰载荷。数值模拟结果与实际观测到的冰层撞击灯塔时的破坏模式进行了比较,两者吻合良好;随后分别分析了粘聚单元破坏准则和碰撞速度对圆柱体所受水平冰载荷的影响。结果表明:柱体所受水平冰载荷受粘聚单元破坏准则影响有限,与碰撞速度呈正相关且平均冰载荷的增长速度稍高于线性增长。

Based on the nonlinear finite element method,a cohesive element model was combined with the linear softening elastoplastic constitutive model to simulate the collision between level ice and a fixed vertical cylinder.The failure mode of level ice and the ice loads on the cylinder during the collision were studied.The simulated results were compared with the practical observations on the ice failure mode in ice sheet-lighthouse collision,and good agreement was achieved.Then the effects of traction-separation law of the cohesive element model and collision velocity on the horizontal ice loads on the cylinder were investigated,respectively.The simulated results show that the traction-separation law has a limited influence on the horizontal ice loads,and the ice loads increase with collision velocity.The growth speed of mean ice loads is slightly higher than linear growth.