不同种类有机肥对全株玉米青贮营养品质的影响

Effect of the application of different organic fertilizers on the quality of whole corn silage

中国是养殖业大国,每年都会产生大量的动物粪便,有机肥资源丰富。为实现动物粪便就地转化,探索动物粪便用作有机肥种植农作物显得尤为必要。本研究采用随机区组试验设计,按照地形分为4个区组,每个区组4个施肥处理,分别为施以干物质为基础的牛粪组500 g·m^–2(Cow组)、鸡粪组500 g·m^–2(Fowl组)、猪粪组500 g·m^–2(Hog组)和不施肥的对照组(CK组),分析了不同种类有机肥对全株玉米(Zea mays)青贮营养品质及发酵品质的影响。在玉米籽粒达到2/3乳线期收割玉米,随后调制青贮饲料。测定青贮饲料样品青贮120 d后玉米青贮饲料的常规营养含量和发酵参数。结果表明,施用500 g·m^–2的鸡粪显著提高(P<0.05)了玉青贮米的粗蛋白和中性洗涤纤维含量,但对其发酵品质没有影响;施用500 g·m^–2的猪粪或牛粪对青贮玉米的常规营养成分含量和发酵品质均没有影响。

China is one of the largest animal husbandry countries in the world and produces a large amount of animal manure every year;thus,organic fertilizer resources are abundant in China.To reuse animal manure,it is necessary to explore the potential of using manure as fertilizer for crop cultivation.Therefore,the current study was conducted to determine the effect of animal manure on the nutrient content and fermentation value of corn silage.A randomized complete block design was used in this study with four blocks.Each block contained four treatments,namely,the control group(CK)without fertilization,cow manure group(Cow)with 500 g·m^–2(dry matter basis)cow manure,fowl manure group(Fowl)with 500 g·m^–2(dry matter based)fowl manure,and hog manure group(Hog)with 500 g·m^–2(dry matter based)hog manure,and corn plants were fertilized accordingly.The corn plans were harvested at the 2/3 milk line of the corn kernels and silage was prepared.The nutrient content of the corn plant and silage(120 days)were measured.Furthermore,fermentation parameters of corn silage were determined.The results showed that application of 500 g·m^–2(dry matter based)fowl manure increased the crude protein and NDF content of whole corn plant but had no effect on the fermentation quality. Application of 500 g·m^–2(dry matter based) hog manure or cow manure did not affect the nutrient content or the fermentation quality of silage corn.