儿童介入治疗辐射剂量影响因素及防护措施研究

Research on Influencing Factors and Protective Measures of Radiation Dose from Children’s Interventional Therapy

目的:探讨儿童介入治疗辐射剂量影响因素及防护措施。方法:选择260例儿童介入手术,分析介入治疗过程中X射线剂量及影响因素。结果:患儿不同介入治疗累积皮肤表面入射剂量、透视时间,存在较大差异,PDA、VSD、PBPV时间较长,辐射剂量也较大,ASD和RFCA时间较短,辐射剂量也较少。结论:儿童自身病种及复杂程度、医生的熟练程度、仪器设备参数是影响辐射剂量的主要因素,利用铅衣材料、防辐射材料保护儿童头颈部,利用三角巾对儿童性腺部位进行覆盖是减少辐射剂量的有效防护措施。

Objective:Probe into influencing factors and protective measures of radiation dose from children's interventional therapy.Methods:260 cases of interventional surgeries for children were observered,and the influencing factors and protective measures of X-ray dose were investigated.Results:There are significant differences in the cumulative skin surface incident dose and fluoroscopy time between different interventional treatments for children.With the time incensement of PDA,VSD and PBPV,the radiation dose increases correspondingly.In contrast,the radiation dose was less in accompaniment with the relatively shorter examination time of ASD and RFCA.Conclusion:The main factors influencing the radiation dose of interventional treatments for children included complexity and category of operation,doctors'proficiency,and parameters of equipment.Hence,the effective protective measures to reduce radiation dose are to protect children's head and neck with lead-coated materials and radiation-proof materials,and to cover children's gonads with triangular towels.