活性炭对铅酸电池负极活性物质结构与性能的影响

The Effects of Active Carbon on the Microstructure and Electrochemical Performance of Negative Electrode Active Material in Lead-acid Batteries

本工作研究了在铅酸电池负极活性物质中添加高比表面积活性炭对其微观结构与性能的影响。模拟电池实验结果发现,添加0.5%的SPC04型活性炭可以使负极1C、5C、10C的放电容量分别提高18.36%、42.68%、44.01%,2C 60 s的放电循环寿命提高1倍。6-FM-9F型实际电池测试结果表明,不仅在部分荷电态高倍率(HRPSoC)充放电条件下电池的循环寿命得到了显著提高,而且在完全充放电下电池的循环寿命也得到了显著提高。负极活性物质的微观结构测试结果表明,活性炭材料的加入可以明显改变其颗粒形貌和孔隙结构,活性炭可以使负极活性物质颗粒及孔隙分布较为均匀,粒径大小适中,增加了活性物质颗粒间有效孔径范围(0.4~3μm)的占比。

The effects of active carbon with high specific surface area on the microstructure and electrochemical properties of the negative electrode active material of lead-acid battery were studied.The results show that the addition of 0.5%SPC04 type active carbon into negative electrode is able to increase the discharge capacity of the negative electrode at 1C,5C and 10C rates by 18.36%,42.68%and 44.01%,and the discharge cycle life of the ne-gative electrode at 2C 60 s is doubled.The test results of 6-FM-9F type battery show that not only under high-rate partial-state-of-charge(HRPSoC)conditions,but also under full-charge and full-discharge conditions the cycle life has been significantly improved.Through the analysis of the microstructure of active material,it is believed that the addition of active carbon can significantly change the particle morphology and pore structure.The addition of active carbon can make the particles and pore distribution of the negative electrode more uniform,the size of the particle is moderate,and the ratio of the effective aperture range(about 0.4—3μm)between the particles of the active material is increased.