科学发展史中批判性思维的作用和习得途径

Role and Ways of Learning Critical Thinking in the History of Science

科学理论的革新需要科学家具备较为全面的批判性思维。以科学发展史中“燃素说”的推翻和“元素周期律”的提出为例,阐述了批判性思维技能和习性在其中的重要作用,尝试开发以科学史实为素材的批判性思维的习得途径。

Scientific theory innovation needs scientists who have comprehensive critical thinking.Taking the history of science of phlogiston and periodic law of elements as an example,this paper expounds the role of the critical thinking skills and habits,and tries to develop the way for acquisition of critical thinking from the history of science.