民国时期梅县城区市政建设及对经济的促进

Municipal Construction and Economic Development of Meixian Urban Area during the Republic of China

民国时期,中国掀起了市政改革的热潮,产生了众多近代化的大城市。民国二十一年(1932),梅县城区效仿各大城市市政改革的经验,进行市政改建。梅县城区主要采取了拆城墙、建马路、建街市三大措施对城区进行改造,对梅县城区发展影响较大。拆城墙打破了城墙对城内外交流和经济发展的限制,建马路促进了城内外的客货流通,建筑街市为经济发展提供了良好的场所。市政改革改造了城内的基础设施,使梅县交通枢纽的地位得以增强,并吸引了大量的华侨回梅城投资,梅县城区的经济得到了较快的发展。同时,民国时期留下的相关档案史料,是研究这一时期梅县市政建设的重要原始资料,目前学术界对梅县民国档案的关注不够,应充分利用档案资料对民国时期梅县近代化的进程进行研究。

During the Republic of China,many cities set off a wave of municipal reforms which created modern big cities.In the 21st year of the Republic of China(1932),Meixian carried out municipal reconstruction with reference to municipal reform in big cities.Meixian mainly adopted three measures of demolishing the city wall,constructing road and building the market which transformed the urban area and greatly impacted on the development of city.The demolition of the city wall broke the restrictions on communication and economic development;the construction of the road promoted the circulation of passengers and goods;and market provided a good location for economic development.The municipal reform reconstructed the infrastructure of the city,enhanced its status as a transportation hub,attracted a large amount of investment from overseas Chinese,and rapidly developed the economy of Meixian City.The historical materials from the Republic of China were important for studying the municipal construction of Meixian during the period,which,however,has not attracted sufficient attention from the researchers,who should make full use of the archives to study the modernization of Meixian County during the Republic of China.