全垫升气垫船高速埋首与低速侧翻的机理分析及应对措施

Mechanism Analysis and Countermeasures of Plough-in at High Speed and at Side Overturn at Low Speed for Air Cushion Vehicles

全垫升气垫船设有独特的柔性围裙系统,高速埋首是气垫船特有的三大安全风险之一。随着围裙技术的发展以及操控安全限界的规范,气垫船发生埋首的概率越来越低,但在实际使用中,高速埋首与低速大幅横倾仍时有发生,若应对不当,仍然会存在危险。文章介绍了国内外有关试验研究情况,结合气垫兴波计算对气垫船高速埋首与低速侧翻的机理进行理论分析,并总结了克服埋首与侧翻的技术措施,使用中的预防手段,以及发生高速埋首或低速大幅横倾时的操纵应对措施。

Air cushion vehicle(ACV)has a unique flexible skirt system.Plough-in at high speed is one of the three main security risks resulted from the flexible skirt system.With the development of skirt technology and the regulation of maneuvering safety limit,the probability of the plough-in for the ACV becomes lower and lower.However,the plough-in at high speed and the side overturn at low speed sometimes occur during the operation of the full-scale ACV,and it would result in danger due to the improper treatment.It introduces the experimental research both at home and abroad,and carries out the theoretical analysis on the mechanisms of the ploughin at high-speed and the side overturn at low speed combined with the calculation of the wave induced by the air cushion.It also summarizes the technical measures to overcome the plough-in and the side overturn,and the methods to avoid the plough-in and the side overturn,as well as the countermeasures for the maneuvering in case of the plough-in at high-speed and the large-scale heel at low-speed.