健康教育联合家庭支持在川崎病患儿中的应用

Application of Health Education combined with Family Support in Children with Kawasaki Disease

目的:探讨健康教育联合家庭支持在川崎病患儿中的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2016年2月1日~2018年12月31日收治的84例川崎病患儿临床资料,根据干预方式不同分为对照组和观察组各42例,对照组给予健康教育干预,观察组给予健康教育联合家庭支持干预;比较两组患儿病情恢复情况(发热消退时间、颈淋巴结肿大消退时间、黏膜充血消退时间、手足肿胀消退时间、住院时间)及住院期间并发症发生情况,比较两组干预前及干预1周后患儿家属负担感[采用中文版护理负担量表(ZBI)]、不确定感[采用中文版疾病不确定感家属量表(MUIS-FM)]、应对方式[采用简易应对方式量表(SCSQ)]、家庭功能[采用家庭功能量表(FAD)]。结果:观察组发热消退时间、颈淋巴结肿大消退时间、黏膜充血消退时间、手足肿胀消退时间、住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.01);干预1周后,两组患儿家属ZBI、MUIS-FM、消积应对SCSQ、FAD评分均低于干预前(P<0.05)、且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05),积极应对SCSQ评分高于干预前(P<0.05)、且观察组高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:健康教育联合家庭支持能减轻川崎病患儿家属心理负担,缩短患儿疾病恢复时间,对改善患儿家庭功能也有积极意义。

Objective:To explore the application effect of health education combined with family support in children with Kawasaki disease.Methods:The clinical data of 84 children with Kawasaki disease admitted to our hospital from February 1,2016 to December 31,2018 were retrospectively analyzed.According to different intervention methods,the patients were divided into control group and observation group,respectively.The control group received health education intervention,while the observation group received health education combined with family support intervention.Disease recovery(fever subsided time,deradenoncus subsided time,mucosal hyperemia fade time,limbs swelling subsided,the length of hospital time)and the incidence of complications in hospitalization were compared between the two groups.And the burden of families with Kawasaki disease children(ZBI),sense of uncertainty(MUIS-FM),coping styles(SCSQ),and family function(FAD)were compared between the two groups before intervention and after 1 week of intervention.Results:Fever subsided time,deradenoncus subsided time,mucosal hyperemia fade time,limbs swelling subsided,and the length of hospital time were shorter in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.01).The scores of ZBI,MUIS-FM,SCSQ and FAD in the family members of the two groups 1 week after the intervention were lower than those before the intervention(P<0.05),and those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).And the SCSQ scores were higher than those before the intervention(P<0.05),and those in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion:Health education combined with family support can reduce the psychological burden of children with Kawasaki disease,shorten the recovery time,and improve the family function of children.