“网络化病人”:互联网对患病行为的影响研究

“Networked Patients”:study on sickness behavior under Internet environment

日渐深入的社会网络化不仅在改变人们的健康信息检索方式和求医模式,也对人们的患病经历产生微妙影响。本文以近年来网络上"未知病毒感染者/阴滋症”事件为例,将患病视为文化翻译的过程,并将患病分为生理迹象、症状认知、病痛体验、疾病认同、症状解释和身体迹象等五个主要阶段,详细考察了每个阶段的患病行为和网络行为之间的关系。研究发现,网络的社交可供性不仅为病人提供了极为丰富的医疗健康信息,更为病人之间共享患病经历、获取健康认同提供了可能。所谓“网络化病人”,即主要通过互联网经历而获得认同的病人身份。它越来越少地嵌入在群体当中,而越来越多地成为因健康认同而有联系的个体。

Since our society networked increasingly and deeply,people not only changed their methods for health information and medical seeking,but also changed their illness experiences.This paper took the"latent infective patients"("Yinzizheng")Internet Event as an example and gave it an anthropological analysis.It took the disease as a cultural translation process,and divided it into 5 main stages:physiological signs,symptoms,disease experience,disease identification,symptoms Interpretation and physical signs.This study found that the social availability/affordance of the network not only provides patients with a very rich medical health information,but also provides more possibility that patients share their experiences of sickness.The so-called"networked patients"emphasized on the identity of the patient who is primarily recognized through the Internet,which is decreasingly embedded in the social group but increasingly becoming networked individuals with health identity.