佛罗里达患者安全与诉前调解项目探析及启示

Analysis and Enlightenment about Florida Patient Safety and Pre-suit Mediation Program

佛罗里达患者安全与诉前调解项目于2008年1月1日在佛罗里达大学健康中心正式启动。其目标为公正、迅速地救济医疗事故损害;及时、正确地促进医患沟通,包括患者安全方面的改进;减少轻率诉讼及各方法律费用。诉前调解项目运行8年的数据显示,与美国传统医疗诉讼相比,诉前调解的法律费用降低87%;案件平均处理时间少于6个月。文章拟通过系统性地介绍佛罗里达患者安全与诉前调解项目的实施背景、战略目标、内容与成效以及外在保障性因素并结合我国医疗纠纷第三方调解制度在实施中暴露的问题提出加强医疗纠纷调解人员队伍建设;拓展知情同意原则的外延即将第三方调解等非诉讼化争端解决途径提前告知患者从而及时、正确地引导患方理性维权。

The Florida Patient Safety and Pre-Suit Mediation Program was launched on January 1,2008 at the university of Florida health center.Relief medical malpractice damage impartially and promptly,promoting doctor-patient communication timely and correctly,reducing frivolous lawsuits and legal costs are goals of this program.Eight-years data from pre-suit mediation shows that the legal cost of pre-suit mediation is down by 87%compared with traditional medical litigation.The average handling time is less than 6 months.This paper intends to systematically introduce the implementation background,strategic objective,con tent and effectiveness as well as external indemnificatory factors of this program and propose to reinforce the talent team construction in mediation based on the problems exposed in implementation of the third-party mediation system in China.For guiding patient to protect their rights rationally,we need also expanding the principle of informed consent by telling patient to settle medical dispute though non-litigation channels ahead of time.