行为激活疗法：一种简易而经济的抑郁症干预措施

Behavioral Activation: a Simple and Cheap Treatment for Depression

行为激活疗法是针对抑郁症的结构化行为疗法,采用活动监控、家庭作业等激活策略来增加健康行为、提高愉悦感和控制感,并产生相应的认知、情绪和生活质量等方面的改善。作为行为治疗第三浪潮的疗法,因其操作简便、治疗费用低,近来受到关注。本文介绍了行为激活疗法的理论基础、过程及效应、神经机制,分析了该疗法与其他疗法(认知行为疗法、药物治疗)的对比,汇总了近年来行为激活疗法在不同人群(拉丁美洲人、孕妇、青少年、老年)、疾病(乳腺癌、二型糖尿病等)中的应用和研究进展。未来需要关注行为激活疗法与其他抑郁症疗法、干预形式的对比,区分不同程度抑郁症的干预效应和过程,并进一步加强神经机制的研究。

Behavioral activation is a structured behavioral therapy for depression,which adopts activation strategies such as activity monitoring and homework to increase healthy behaviors,improve feelings of pleasure and control,and gener?ate corresponding improvements in cognition,emotion and quality of life.As the third wave of behavioral therapy,it has at?tracted attention recently because of its simple operation and low cost.This paper introduces the theoretical basis,process,effect and neural mechanism of behavioral activation treatment,the comparison of this therapy with other therapies(cogni?tive behavioral therapy,drug therapy)was analyzed,and summarizes the application and research progress of behavioral ac?tivation therapy in various populations(Latin americans,pregnant women,adolescents and the elderly),diseases(breast can?cer,type 2 diabetes,etc.)in recent years.In the future,it is necessary to pay attention to the comparison of behavioral acti?vation treatment with other depression therapies and intervention forms,as well as the differentiation of intervention effects and processes for different degrees of depression,and further strengthen the research on the neural mechanism.