彭山“江口沉银”考古发掘的学术价值探讨

Academic Value of Cultural Relics Unearthed from Jiangkou Chen Yin in Pengshan County

近年彭山江口遗址考古出土的大量明代银锭、金册等文物,证实张献忠“江口沉银”并不只是稗官野史和民间传说,而是有文物资料佐证的真实历史事件。同时也证实张献忠部农民军不仅在征战过程中,而且在建立政权后确曾实行了劫掠官民金银财货的所谓“打粮”的财政政策。在考古文物资料的见证下,一些过去看似已成定论的明清史问题,可能被质疑,既有的观点也可能被修正。从这个角度说,江口沉银考古文物的学术价值大于其文博价值。

In recent years,a large number of silver ingots,gold books and other cultural relics of the Ming Dynasty were unearthed from Jiangkou Chen Yin Historic Site in Pengshan County of Sichuan Province,which substantiate that Jiangkou Chen Yin(Sinking silver into the river in Jiangkou)is not an unofficial historic event or a folk tale.They give evidence that Zhang Xianzhong's peasant army did implement the so-called“Threshing”fiscal policy to plunder possessions from the officials and the civilians,not only in wartime,but after the establishment of the regime.In the light of these relics,some previous certainties about the history of the Ming and Qing dynasties may become uncertain and even be doubted,existing views can also be revised.In this sense,the academic value of the Jiangkou Chen Yin's relics is greater than the museological value.