从官方主导到官民合作：清代重庆火灾防控机制的演变

From Official Domination to Official-Civil Cooperation: Evolution of Chongqing’s Fire Prevention and Control Mechanism in the Qing Dynasty

由于特殊的地势和天气因素,重庆自古以来就是一个火灾高发频发的城市。清代重庆火灾防控机制经历了从官方主导到官民合办的演变过程,且官民合办还经历了从水会局到水会公所的变化过程。与火灾防控机制演变同步的是清代重庆的火灾防控设备也有了提升。但从有清一代的经验来看,重庆火灾防控并没有取得预期的效果,反而在一定程度上加重了民众的负担。

Due to special terrain and climate, Chongqing has been a city where fire occurs frequently since ancient times. In the Qing Dynasty, Chongqing’s fire prevention and control mechanism went through an evolution from official domination to official-civil cooperation, which witnessed the fire fighting bureau evolving to fire fighting association. At the same time, Chongqing’s fire prevention and control equipment was also improved. However, according to public records of that time, the mechanism did not work as expected, only to increase people’s tax burden.