组织工程研究中的电活性生物材料

Electroactive biomaterials in tissue engineering research

背景:多项研究证明人体组织与生物电有着密切的联系,因此深入研究材料在细胞和组织电学微环境建立方面的研究是实现缺损组织完美修复与再生的突破点。目的:综述电活性生物材料在组织工程研究领域的应用。方法:利用计算机检索Wiley Online Library、Web of Science、CNKI及万方数据库2006年1月至2019年3月期间发表的关于电活性生物材料(导电聚合物,压电材料,碳基材料)在组织工程研究及应用中的文章。中文检索词为“电活性生物材料,导电聚合物,压电材料,碳基材料,组织工程”,对应的英文检索词为“electroactive biomaterials,composite materials,piezoelectric materials,carbon-based materials,tissue engineering”。结果与结论:电活性生物材料具备一定的生物相容性及良好的信号传导能力,可弥补现今生物材料在调控细胞分化和组织再生方面的缺陷,在组织工程领域具有良好的应用前景,但其存在诸如降解性能较差、力学性能欠佳等缺点,制约了其应用。因此需充分掌握电活性生物材料的特性及优缺点,才能使之最大限度地仿生天然组织的结构和功能,为细胞分化和组织再生提供良好的电生理微环境,最终智能地调控细胞分化与组织再生。

BACKGROUND:Several studies have shown that human tissue is closely related to bioelectricity.Therefore,in-depth research on the establishment of cell and tissue electrical microenvironment of materials is a breakthrough for achieving perfect repair and regeneration of defective tissues.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the application of electroactive biomaterials in tissue engineering.METHODS:Wiley Online Library,Web of Science,CNKI and Wanfang database were searched to retrieve papers addressing on the research and application of electroactive biomaterials(conductive polymers,piezoelectric materials and carbon-based materials)in tissue engineering published from January 2006 to March 2019.The search terms were"electroactive biomaterials,conductive polymers,piezoelectric materials,carbon-based materials,tissue engineering"in Chinese and“electroactive biomaterials,composite materials,piezoelectric materials,carbon-based materials,tissue engineering”in English.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Electroactive biomaterials possess certain biocompatibility,excellent mechanical properties and signal transmission ability,which can make up for the shortcomings of current biomaterials in regulating cell differentiation and tissue regeneration.So it has a good application prospect in the field of tissue engineering.However,it has some disadvantages such as poor degradation performance and poor mechanical property,which restrict its application.Therefore,it is necessary to fully grasp the characteristics of electroactive biological materials and their advantages and disadvantages,so as to produce the structure and function to the largest extent similar to those of natural tissues,which provide a good electrophysiological microenvironment for cell differentiation and tissue regeneration,and finally intelligently regulate cell differentiation and tissue regeneration.