自组装短肽水凝胶与骨组织构建

Self-assembling peptide hydrogels and bone tissue construction

背景:与传统生物材料相比,自组装短肽水凝胶具有良好的生物相容性、低免疫原性、高含水量及降解产物可被机体重吸收利用等优点,在细胞三维培养、药物/蛋白缓释和组织工程等方面有广泛的应用。目的:简述自组装短肽水凝胶在骨组织工程中的研究进展。方法:应用计算机检索中国生物医学文献数据库、CNKI数据库、PubMed数据库及Elsevier数据库中2000至2019年发表的相关文献,中文检索关键词为“自组装短肽,水凝胶,骨缺损,成骨细胞,骨组织工程,生物材料”,英文检索关键词为“self-assembling peptides,hydrogels,bone defect,osteoblasts,bone tissue engineering,biomaterials”。结果与结论:自组装短肽水凝胶的结构类似于天然细胞外基质,具有可编程、成本低、生物相容性良好、降解产物无毒性等优点,能够增强间充质干细胞和小鼠胚胎成骨细胞前体细胞MC3T3-E1及其他种子细胞的增殖和成骨分化,促进骨组织愈合与再生,可作为骨组织工程中的支架材料参与骨缺损的修复。但自组装短肽水凝胶低pH值有损伤细胞的可能,因此需设计出不同的生物活性序列对短肽进行改造,从而提高其生物活性、生物相容性和生物稳定性。

BACKGROUND:Compared with traditional biomaterials,self-assembling peptide hydrogels have been widely used in three-dimensional cell culture,drug/protein release,tissue engineering,hemostasis and antibacterial agents because of its good biocompatibility,low immunogenicity,high water content,and the degradation product amino acids that can be absorbed and utilized by organism.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the research progress of self-assembling peptide hydrogel in bone tissue engineering.METHODS:A computer-based search of CBM,CNKI,PubMed and Elsevier was performed for retrieving articles concerning self-assembling peptide hydrogels in bone tissue engineering published from 2000 to 2019.The search terms were“self-assembling peptides,hydrogels,bone defect,osteoblasts,bone tissue engineering,biomaterials”in Chinese and English,respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Self-assembling peptide hydrogels have the structure similar to the natural extracellular matrix.The structure has the advantages of being programmable,low cost,good biocompatibility,and nontoxic degradation products.It can enhance the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and mouse embryonic osteoblast precursor cells(MC3T3-E1)as well as other seed cells and promote bone healing and regeneration.Therefore,self-assembling peptide hydrogels can be used as scaffold materials in bone tissue engineering to participate in the repair of bone defects.However,the low pH of self-assembling peptide hydrogels may damage cells,so different biologically active sequences should be designed to modify the peptide to enhance its biological activity,biocompatibility,and biostability.