自我效能在空巢老年2型糖尿病病人社会支持与糖尿病相关心理痛苦间的中介效应

Mediating effect analysis of self-efficacy in the relationship with social support and diabetes-related distress in empty nest elderly patients with type 2 diabetes

[目的]探讨自我效能在空巢老年2型糖尿病病人社会支持与糖尿病相关心理痛苦间的中介作用,为降低病人的心理痛苦水平提供理论依据。[方法]以2017年1月—2018年1月就诊于江苏省中医院及扬州大学附属医院的347例空巢老年2型糖尿病病人为研究对象,采用一般情况调查表、糖尿病自我效能量表(SED)、社会支持量表(SSRS)以及糖尿病痛苦量表(DDS)进行调查。[结果]68.59%的空巢老年2型糖尿病病人存在糖尿病相关心理痛苦。糖尿病自我效能、社会支持及心理痛苦之间存在相关性(P<0.001),自我效能作为中介变量对心理痛苦产生影响。[结论]空巢老年2型糖尿病病人大多存在心理痛苦,其社会支持水平、自我效能水平较低。自我效能在社会支持与心理痛苦之间存在部分中介效应。

Objective:To explore the mediating effect of self-efficacy in the relationship with social support and diabetes-related distress in empty nest elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods:A total of 347 empty-nest elderly patients with type 2 diabetes from Chinese Medicine Hospital of Jiangsu Province and Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University were investigated by a Self-Designed General Information Questionnaire,the Self-efficacy for Diabetes(SED),the Social Support Scale(SSRS),and the Diabetes Distress Scale(DDS).Results:A total of 68.59%of patients suffered from diabetes-related distress.There was significant correlation between social support,self-efficacy,and diabetes-related distress(P<0.001).Self-efficacy was a mediator variable between social support and diabetes-related distress.Conclusions:Diabetes-related distress was common in empty nest elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.Their social support and self-efficacy was at a low level.Self-efficacy played a partial mediating effect between them.