基于糖基识别的糖蛋白传感器研究及应用

Research and Application of Glycoprotein Sensors Based on Glycosyl Recognition

糖蛋白是一种结合蛋白质,其结构主要由糖和蛋白质的含量及其结合的肽键决定。糖蛋白种类繁多,根据其在医学领域的临床作用,可分为凝集素、激素、酶和免疫球蛋白。糖蛋白具有多种生物学功能,在医学和生物学领域具有重要意义。为了研究与糖蛋白相关的生物信息,有必要建立高灵敏度和高效识别的糖蛋白分析检测方法。糖蛋白的检测涉及分离纯化、结构分析和含量测定。常用的糖蛋白测定方法有质谱法、色谱-质谱联用法、表面等离子体共振法、酶联免疫吸附法等。近年来,糖蛋白传感器的研究和应用逐渐引起研究者的关注。本文简要总结了糖蛋白的分析方法,重点对基于糖基识别的糖蛋白生物传感器的研究和应用进行了综述,详细介绍了糖蛋白生物传感器,包括电化学传感器、光学传感器和质量传感器的原理和应用,并对糖蛋白传感器的未来发展方向进行了展望。

Glycoprotein is a binding protein whose structure is mainly determined by the content of sugars and proteins and the peptide bonds to which it binds.The glycoproteins can be mainly classified into lectin,hormone,enzyme and immunoglobulin according to the clinical role in the medical field.Glycoproteins have a variety of biological functions and are of great significance in the medical and biological fields.To study the biological information related to glycoproteins,it is necessary to establish a highly sensitive and efficient analytical detection method for glycoproteins.The assay of glycoproteins includes separation and purification method,structural analysis,and content determination.The commonly used methods for determination of glycoproteins are mass spectrometry,chromatography-mass spectrometry,surface excimer resonance,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,etc.In recent years,in the detection of glycoproteins,the research and application of sensors have gradually increased.This paper briefly summarized the analysis methods of glycoproteins and reviewed the research and application of glycoprotein biosensors based on glycosyl recognition.The glycoprotein biosensors including electrochemical sensors,optical sensors and mass sensors were introduced in detail.The future development direction of glycoprotein sensors was prospected.