彩礼返还的司法实践研究

Research of the Judicial Practice on the Return of Wedding Gift

2004年实施的婚姻法司法解释(二)规定了彩礼返还的三种情形。经过十几年,法院彩礼返还案件的数量和老百姓彩礼数额都已经成倍增长,该司法解释的规定过于概括和笼统,不能适应办案需要,法院在认定彩礼的范围、彩礼返还的主体、彩礼返还的类型和彩礼返还的比例等方面,普遍存在同案不同判现象。大量判决已经突破了婚姻法司法解释(二)第十条规定的彩礼返还的三种情形,取得了较好的社会效果。针对实践中的具体问题,迫切需要完善彩礼返还法律制度,明确彩礼返还的范围、主体和返还比例的计算方法,并将“共同生活”作为彩礼返还的重要判断标准,取消“生活困难”的表述。

The Second Judicial Interpretation of the Marriage Law implemented in 2004 stipulates three situations for the return of wedding gifts.The number of cases for the return of betrothal gifts ruled by the courts and the amount of bride prices have multiplied over the past decade.The provisions of the judicial interpretation are too general and ambiguous to meet the needs of handling cases.The courts have given different judgments on the similar cases in terms of determining the scope of wedding gifts,the main body of the return of bride prices,the types of paying back bride prices and the proportion of return of bride prices.A large number of judgments have gone beyond the three situations of the return of bride pricesstated in the Article 10 of the Second Judicial Interpretation of Marriage Law and achieved good social effects.In view of the specific problems in practice,it is urgent to improve the legal system for the return of bride prices,clarify the scope,subject and calculation method in paying back bride prices.It is advised to take“living together”as an important standard in the judgment for the return of bride prices,and abolish the expression of“living in difficulty”.