6—12岁农村留守儿童依恋状况的调查研究——以河北省某市F村为例

The Attachment Bounds of Rural Left-behind Children Aged Between 6 and 12:A Case Study of F Village in Hebei Province

依恋是儿童社会化发展的基础,安全依恋的建立事关儿童心理健康。亲子关系是婴幼儿建立信任感、安全感和良好依恋关系的关键要素。双向情感交流则是安全型依恋关系建立的基础。留守儿童因长期与父母分离,缺少父母的陪伴及与父母的交流和互动,缺少亲密依恋对象,导致不安全型依恋发生率高,与他人亲近和依赖分值偏低,从而影响儿童社会性发展和心理健康。社工小组活动通过建立同伴支持网络、开展游戏和训练活动,可提升留守儿童的交往能力和人际信任,因而需要改善留守儿童不安全依恋行为,促进儿童心理健康发展。

Early attachment lays a foundation for children’s socialized development.A secure attachment will have an impact on children’s mental health.A sound parent-child relationship,is an important channel for infants to build the sense of trust and safety and cultivate attachment bounds.The two-way emotional communication is the basis for children to establish a safe attachment relationship between them andtheir parents.There is no effective communication and interactions between the so-called rural left-behind children since they have lived in estrangement with their parents working in far-off cities.This absence of intimacy with their parents can lead to insecure attachment of involved children and thus exercise a negative impact upon children’s social development and mental health.By establishing peer-support network and setting up playful and training activities,social work groups can foster rural left-behind children’s communicative skills and interpersonal trust,improve insecure attachment behaviors and promote mental health development.