意大利风景园林的历史与演变

The History and Evolution of Italian Landscape

该文在介绍了传统意大利园林发展历史的基础上,将意大利古典园林概括为花坛、迷宫、植被、水和洞穴等几种造园要素。从当代园林设计的创新、视觉艺术和环境雕塑、色块画运动、全景画运动、未来主义运动、建筑摄影六个方面阐述了现代意大利风景园林的动态演变过程。以此回顾了不同时代的意大利园林艺术。城乡风景园林在当今全球化交融的时代影响下,不仅具有地理特征,也带有地域语境性,成为人们日常生活有机演进的重要组成部分。最后提出了人类是同一个命运共同体的理念,将风景园林定义到了一个新高度。

On the basis of introducing traditional and contemporary Italian landscape architectures,the history and evolution of a country full of art are described.The traditional gardens in Italy are summarized as flower bed,labyrinth,vegetation,water and cave etc.The dynamic evolution of contemporary landscape were explained from 6 aspects as innovation design,visual art and environmental sculpture,macchiaioli,vedutismo,futurism and architectural photography.The purpose of this essay is to understand the vision of Italian landscape,which is divided into two different spheres:one about representation and one about reality,seen as the first logical thread that links various eras and artistic techniques,the second,as a transformation of the world around us,the way we design it,from cities to suburbs:because the landscape is not only territory,it is context,is the daily skyline of organic forms and not,that surrounded our living.Finally,the concept that a community of shared future for humankind was put forward,and the discipline of landscape architecture has been upgraded to a new level.