明清湖北地区寺院分布的时空特征及原因初探

Temporal and Spatial Characteristics and Causes of Hubei Temple Distribution in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

湖北佛寺的时空分布特征从一个侧面反映了佛教历史上中国化过程中与政治、经济和文化的互动关系。同时,儒家"为生民立命"的思想与大乘佛教"济世利民"精神相契相合,使寺院建设呈现"社区化",从而使区域人口、经济和地理等条件成为推动佛教发展的主要作用力。该文以明清时期的湖北寺院为研究对象,采用宗教地理学方法,通过湖北地方志等资料的爬梳整理,在数据统计的基础上,对明清时期湖北寺院的时空分布进行特征分析,并初步探讨形成这些特征的主要原因。

The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of Hubei Buddhist temple reflects the interaction between politics, economy and culture in the process of Buddhism’s "Chineseization" from one aspect. At the same time, Confucianism’s idea of "establishing a life for the people" coincides with the Mahayana Buddhism spirit of "benefit the world and help the people", which makes the construction of the temple become "community", thus making the regional population, economy and geography become the main role in promoting the development of Buddhism. Taking the Hubei Temple in the Ming and Qing Dynasties as the research object, we adopt the method of religious geography, and through the combing and sorting of Hubei local chronicles and other materials, on the basis of statistics, we analyze the temporal and spatial distribution of Hubei Temple in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and preliminarily explore the main reasons for these characteristics.