1959年以来胡志明市华人工作机构变迁——越南共产党华人政策与华人地位变化管窥

The Ethnic Chinese Affairs Office in Ho Chi Minh City since 1959: the Vietnamese Communist Party’s Policy Changes towards Ethnic Chinese

论文梳理了越南共产党在胡志明市设置的华人工作机构的变迁,探讨了越共华人政策的变化和华人地位的改变。第一次印支战争结束后,依据《日内瓦协议》,越南暂时形成南北分治的局面。1959年,越南劳动党决定在南方开展武装斗争,并发动华侨华人参与斗争。同年,“西贡—堤岸—嘉定特区党委华人工运干事处”成立,并于1967年升级为“西贡—堤岸—嘉定特区党委暨华运处”。1975年南方解放后,越南劳动党胡志明市委直属“华运处”成立;1978年更名为“市委民运处所属华人工作小组”,1988年再度更名为“华人工作处”;最新的更名发生在2012年,更名为“民族处”,华人事务由“民族处”管理。至此,胡志明市官方的华人事务管理机构中再无“华人”二字。越南华人问题由政治问题转变为公共事务,华人工作由执政党管理改为政府管理,这个过程反映了越南共产党华人政策的变化与华人地位的改变。

After the first Indochina War,Vietnam was temporarily divided into two parts according to the 1954 Geneva Accords. In 1959 the Vietnam Labour Party decided to launch an armed struggle in theSouth, and mobilized ethnic Chinese to take part in the struggle. An organization named the ethnic Chinese“Ban Cán s? c?ng v?n ng??i Hoa tr?c thu?c ??c Khu ?y Sài Gòn-Ch? L?n-Gia ??nh” was established in1959, and upgraded to“ ??ng ?y kiêm Ban Hoa v?n ??c khu Sài Gòn-Ch? L?n-Gia ??nh” in 1967. Afterthe liberation of the South, this organization was changed into“ Ban Hoa v?n tr?c thu?c Thành ?y thànhph? H? Chí Minh”. In 1978, the Ethnic Chinese Affairs Office of Ho Chi Minh City was renamed“ Ti?uban Hoa v?n thu?c Ban Dan v?n Thành ?y, thành ph? H? Chí Minh”. It was renamed again in 1988 andbecame“ Ban C?ng tác ng??i Hoa thành ph? H? Chí Minh”. In 2012 the Ethnic Chinese Affairs Office wasintegrated into“ Ban Dan t?c thu?c ?y ban nhan dan thành ph? H? Chí Minh”, which does not includethe word“ Chinese”. Transferred from the VCP to the government, the issue of ethnic Chinese affairshas been incorporated into public affairs. Those changes of organization names and governing bodies forethnic Chinese affairs manifest the evolution of the VCP’s policy changes towards ethnic Chinese and theirvarying status in Vietnam.