知识移植与本土转向：以留美生与清华大学政治学的构建为例(1926—1937)

Transmission and Localization of Knowledge: the Case of Returned Students from America and the Establishment of Political Science at Tsinghua University (1926-1937)

论文从清华政治学系留美生的师资情况、留美生将美国政治学移植清华的努力和致力于推动政治学教育本土化的担当等方面,阐述了1926—1937年留美生在清华大学政治学系早期发展中的重要作用。自清华政治学系成立伊始,留美生就在师资结构中占据主体位置,他们接受了完整的西式高等教育,具有较高的学识素养。留美生执教清华后,同步推动了美国政治学的移植和中国政治学的构建,创立了适合本土知识需要的中国政治学学科体系。但在中国政治学教学科目的设置上,留美生也产生了认识分歧。留美生与清华政治学系发展的案例为当今海归学者发挥知识媒介功能,推动学科知识本土化提供了历史的思考与现实的启示。

With Chinese students returning from America during the 1930s,the newly established Department of Political Science at Tsinghua University quickly became one of the best in China.These returned scholars were dominant faculty members of the department.All of them had a systematic academic training in American universities,which cemented their professional capacities.As they started teaching at Tsinghua,they were dedicated not only to introducing American political science,but also to creating China’s indigenous political science.Their efforts resulted in establishing the discipline of Chinese political science.Although returned scholars reached a consensus about localizing western knowledge,they had disagreements when designing the curriculum of the Chinese political science program.From the direction of both history and practice,this case study provides a reflection on Chinese returned scholars’experiences in localizing their disciplinary knowledge.