新疆石河子市某养老院居室夏季热舒适性的调查研究

Investigation on summer thermal comfort of a nursing home in Shihezi Xinjiang

随着我国社会的快速发展,人口老龄化已经逐渐发展成了社会热点问题,老龄化程度的不断加剧,使石河子对养老机构的需求也在日益增大。本文研究对石河子市天健养老院的100位老人进行问卷调查和现场热环境测试,使用相关性分析、回归分析方法对数据进行统计分析,结果表明,该建筑基于老年人生理、心理特点和行为习惯的夏季居室内实测热中性温度为29.21℃,90%可接受的热舒适温度范围为24.09~31.14℃;并对不同楼层、朝向及大小的居室内温度进行分析,结果表明,在朝向相同时,底层居室温度均在老年人可接受的热舒适温度范围内,中间层和顶层达不到老年人可接受的热舒适温度范围的占比分别为14.6%和41.7%,东西南北4个朝向的居室达不到老年人可接受的热舒适温度范围的占比分别为22.9%、20.8%、39.6%和12.5%,室内温度会因人均居住面积的增大而降低;最后提出了改善养老院居室夏季热环境的相关建议。

With the rapid development of China’s society,the aging of the population has gradually become a social hot issue,the degree of aging is increasing,so that the demand for elderly institution in Shihezi is also increasing.Through questionnaire survey and on-site thermal environment test for 100 elderly people in Tianjian Nursing Home of Shihezi City,statistics were collected using correlation analysis and regression analysis methods.The results show that the building’s indoor thermal neutral temperature measurement in summer is 29.21℃based on the physiological,psychological characteristics and behavioral habits of the elderly.The acceptable thermal comfort temperature range is 24.09℃to 31.14℃.On this basis,through the analysis of the indoor temperature of different floors,orientations and units,on this basis,by analyzing the indoor temperature of different floors,orientations and units,it is concluded that the temperature of the bottom layer is within the acceptable thermal comfort temperature range for the elderly when the orientation is the same;The intermediate layer and the top layer do not reach the acceptable thermal comfort temperature range for the elderly,accounting for 14.6%and 41.7%respectively.The proportion of four-oriented living room in the east,west,south,and north can not reach the acceptable thermal comfort temperature range for the elderly,accounting for 22.9%,20.8%,39.6%,and 12.5%respectively;Indoor temperature will decrease due to the increase in per capita living area.Suggestions for improving the summer thermal environment in the nursing homes are proposed.