环境公共利益的宪法确认及其保护路径选择

Constitution Formation and Protection Path Selection of Environmental Public Interests

宪法对环境公共利益的确认是通过将生态利益上升为法益而实现的。我国《宪法》中的“保护和改善生活环境和生态环境”,实质上就是保护和改善环境中具有天然公共性的生态利益。在保护和改善环境公共利益的过程中,需要进行利益冲突的衡量,通过环境法上各类义务规范的设立,确定利益保护的边界。在环境公共利益的保护中,国家环境公权力发挥着主导作用,公众环境保护权则扮演参与和监督的角色。

The constitution recognizes the environmental public interests by raising the ecological interests to the legal interests.In the process of protecting and improving environmental public interests,it is necessary to measure the conflicts of interests,and to deter?mine the boundary of interests protection through the establishment of various obligations and norms in environmental law.In the protec?tion of environmental public interests,it is necessary to define the protection boundary through the establishment of various obligation norms in environmental law under the conflict and measurement of interests.Meanwhile,the national environmental public power plays a leading role in safeguarding public environmental interests,while the public environmental protection right plays a dual role of partici?pation and supervision.