我国城市社区互助养老模式的构建及法律规制——基于河南省六市养老现状的调研

Construction and Legal Regulation of Mutual Assistance for the Aged in Urban Communities in China—— Investigation on the Present Situation of Old-age Care in Six Cities of Henan Province

基于对河南省郑州等六市养老现状的问卷调查和实地调研,针对我国现行社区养老模式存在的不足,城市社区互助养老模式的构建应以互助理念为切入点,以社区为依托,顺应国家“十三五”规划中建设养老服务业健康体系的潮流,并借鉴国外先进经验,提出构建“4+5”养老模式的新思路,即集合政府、社会、社区与老人自身四方力量,以社区连接家庭与机构,同时结合互助理念和医养结合模式的优势,建设以“一刻钟”社区助老园为核心的多元化养老模式。同时,对城市社区互助养老模式构建过程中可能产生的法律风险进行预防和规制研究,以实现老人在社会各界以及彼此的扶持下守望美好未来的“安老乐老”夙愿。

Based on the questionnaire survey and field survey of the status quo of the elderly in six cities including Zhengzhou,Henan Province,and in view of the shortcomings of the current community pension model in China,this paper proposes that the con?struction of the urban community mutual assistance pension model should take the concept of mutual assistance as the starting point,re?ly on the community,and conform to the trend of building the health care of the elderly service industry in the 13th Five-year Plan and learn from foreign advanced experience.The article puts forward a new idea of building the"4+5”old-age care model,which is to build a diversified old-age care model with"one-quarter-hour"community-based old-age care park as the core,making full use of the advantages of mutual assistance concept and combining medical care with the four forces of the government,society,community and the elderly themselves,connecting families and institutions in the community.At the same time,this paper studies the legal risks that may arise in the process of constructing the model of mutual assistance for the aged in urban communities,and explores the way to real?ize the long-cherished wish of"enjoyed and happy elderly"with the support of all sectors of society and each other.