基于计划行为理论不同类型农户耕地保护意愿和行为分析

Analysis of willingness and behavior of different types of farmer for protecting cultivated land based on Theory of Planned Behavior

以河南省滑县农户调研数据为粮食主产区代表样本,基于计划行为理论,选用多群组结构方程模型,从农户分化视角将农户分为纯农户、农业兼业户、非农兼业户和非农户4种类型,分析不同类型农户参与耕地保护的意愿和行为。结果表明,农户行为态度、主观规范和知觉行为控制均显著正向影响耕地保护意愿,农户耕地保护意愿显著正向影响其耕地保护行为。多群组分析得出纯农户和农业兼业户的行为态度和主观规范对其耕地保护意愿的影响较大;农业兼业户和非农兼业户的知觉行为控制对其耕地保护意愿的影响较大;不同兼业化程度的农户耕地保护意愿对耕地保护行为的影响均较大。样本区农户兼业化水平相对较高,纯农户仅占样本农户总数的1/5。最后,提出实行差异化的农户技能培训工程、建立耕地保护经济补偿、积极推进耕地流转以及进一步完善耕地保护宣传工作等对策。

Taking the survey data of famers in Hua county,Henan province as the major grain producing areaas the represent sample,based on the Theory of Planned Behavior(TPB),the multi-group structure equation model(SEM),were was used to divide the farmers into four types from the perspective of farmer differentiation:farmer,agricultural part-time farmer,non-agricultural part-time farmer and non-agricultural farmer,and to analyze the willingness and behavior of farmers to participate in cultivated land protection.The results indicated the farmers’behavioral attitudes,subjective norms and perceptual behavior control of farmers all positively affected their willingness to protect cultivated land significantly,and farmers’willingness to protect cultivated land significantly affected their protection behaviors.Multi-group SEM shows that behavioral attitudes and subjective norms of farmers and agricultural part-time farmers had a greater influence on their willingness to protect cultivated land;The conscious behavior control of the agricultural and non-agricultural part-time farmers presented a great influence on their willingness to protect cultivated land;Farmers’willingness to protect cultivated land with different diversified degrees had a greater impact on farmland protection behavior.The mixed employment level of farmers in the sample area is relatively high,and pure famers only account for 1/5 of the total number of sample farmers.Finally,countermeasures were proposed,such as implementing differentiated farmer skills training programs,establishing economic compensation for cultivated land protection,actively promoting farmland circulation,and further improving cultivated land protection publicity work.