当代大学生体育参与行为现状与特征研究

Research on the Status Quo and Characteristics of Contemporary College Students′ Participation in Physical Education

为培养大学生正确的体育行为观,提高大学生体育行为能力、身体素质,促进其身心健康发展.文章运用问卷调查、实地观察等方法对当代大学生体育参与行为的现状与特征进行研究.结果表明:大学生体育参与行为组织方式多样化,男生倾向于独立性,女生则倾向于合作集体性;项目选择多元化,男生喜爱球类项目,女生则喜爱散步与跑步项目;场所选择呈分散趋势,校内成为主要参与场所;参与动机发生偏转,更多地重视精神需求而忽视物质需求;参与时间、强度以及次数不容乐观,符合体育人口条件的人数太少;参与行为呈现出明显的年级、学校性质以及学校地域差异.提出相应建议:把握“健康第一”的指导思想,注重体育兴趣的培养;把毎天锻炼1 h落到实处,定期测量学生的体质与健康;改变性别观念,因“性别”施教;针对年级差异,实施分级管理.

In order to cultivate college students′correct behavioral view of sports,improve their physical ability and physical fitness,and promote their healthy development,this paper studies the status quo and characteristics of contemporary college students′participation behavior by means of literature,expert interviews,questionnaires,and field observations.The results show that college students'participation in sports behaviors is diversified.Boys tend to be independent,and girls tend to cooperate collectively;project selection is diversified.Boys love ball games,while girls prefer walking and running projects;The school has become the main venue for participation;the purpose of participation has been deflected,and more emphasis has been placed on spiritual needs while neglecting material needs;The participation time,intensity and frequency are not optimistic,and the number of people who meet the sports population conditions is too small;the participation behavior shows obvious grades,school nature and school geographical differences.Corresponding suggestions are proposed as follows:grasping the guiding ideology of“health first”;paying attention to the cultivation of sports interest;taking a day of exercise and practice it for one hour;measuring the physical fitness and health of students regularly;changing the concept of gender,teaching by“gender”;implementing hierarchical management with grade differences.