加速跑中激活效应的最佳刺激负荷

Optimal Loading in PAP for Accelerated Running

激活后增强效应(PAP)是一种可以在短时间内提升运动员爆发力表现的训练,目前运用PAP提升运动员加速跑成绩的研究中,刺激负荷是非常重要的因素,为了探讨加速跑中PAP的最佳刺激负荷,文章对国内外相关文献进行分析,结果发现3次90%1RM的杠铃半蹲能够有效地提升运动员加速跑能力;超等长训练时增加负重更有利于诱导出激活效应提升加速跑成绩,理论上30%MVC的负重跳最为有效,还需要实验探究验证;在运用阻力跑方式时,75%体重拖拽物负重最为合适,但是这种阻力负荷受到多种因素的影响,如阻力物和地面的摩擦力就很难控制和测量,如何优化施加阻力的方式是未来研究中首要解决的问题。

Postactivation potentiation is a kind of training to improve athlete’s explosive performance in a short time.And currently,in research on utilizing PAP to improve athlete’s performance of accelerative running,stimulation load is a rather important factor.In order to discuss the best stimulation load of PAP in accelerative running,this paper analyzes related domestic and foreign literatures and the results are that three times of barbell squat at the strength of 90%1RM can improve athlete’s ability of accelerative running effectively and load increase when extra long training can facilitate inducing activation effect to improve performance of accelerative running.Theoretically,the load of 30%MVC is the most effective way but requires to be verified through experimental inquiry.When utilizing resistance running,75%weight load is the most suitable.However,such resistance load is influenced by various factors,such as that the force of friction between the resisting objects and the ground is difficult to control and measure,and how to optimize the mode of exerting resistance is of top priority in future research.