电影“多重单一”叙事结构模式的源流、特征及伦理

The Origin, Characteristics and Ethics of the "Multiple Singular" Narrative Structure Model of the Movie

不可见的叙事结构作为影片的骨架,决定着影片的风格,给观众带来参与感与审美体验。在叙事学视角下,“多重单一”叙事结构的特征在于叙述多次回到故事中的某一时间节点,以变化的因素作为叙事动力,以时间方向上的往返为主导,呈现出不同故事内容。其主旨是以相异的故事过程和结局揭示人生的多种可能。影片对这种叙事结构的选择既是对观众日常幻想的满足,又是基于影片主题的要求。此外,对“多重单一”叙事结构进行分析也是电影叙事伦理批评的重要路径。

As the skeleton of the film,the invisible narrative structure determines the style of the film and gives the audience a sense of participation and aesthetic experience.From the perspective of narratology,the"multiple singular"narrative structure is characterized by the fact that the narrative returns to a certain time node in the story many times,with the Changeable factors as the narrative power,and the round-trip in the time direction as the leading,presenting different story content.Its main purpose is to reveal the many possibilities of life with different story processes and endings.The film's choice of this narrative structure satisfies both the fantasies of the audience's daily life and the requirements of the film's theme.In addition,the analysis of the"multiple singular"narrative structure is also an important path for film narrative ethical criticism.