《资本论》中的幸福思想研究

The Study of Well-being in “Capital”

《资本论》作为马克思晚年时期最重要的理论成果,其中蕴含着丰富的关于“人类解放何以可能”的思想,被誉为“工人阶级的圣经”。马克思不仅对资本主义生产方式、意识形态和人的存在方式进行了“事实批判”:在资本主义社会私有制条件下,人的自由是拜物教理论笼罩下的虚假自由,社会发展的终极目的是牺牲绝大多数人的自由个性来获得资本增殖;而且在此基础上论证了人类解放何以可能:找寻到了实现人类解放的科学依据和现实道路,揭示了人类超越资本主义的存在方式以及实现每个人和一切人自由全面发展的历史必然性。可见,《资本论》不仅是一部经济学著作,更是一部指导无产阶级通过共产主义革命争取解放、夺取幸福的“科学真经”,是对马克思幸福思想的深化与发展。

As the most important theoretical achievement of Marx in his later years,“Capital”contains abundant thoughts on“how human liberation is possible”,which is known as“the bible of the working class”.Marx not only criticized the capitalist mode of production,ideology and the way of human existence by“facts”:under the conditions of private ownership in capitalist society,human freedom is a false freedom under the cover of fetishism theory,and the ultimate goal of social development is to gain capital multiplication at the expense of the free personality of the vast majority of people.On this basis,it demonstrates how human liberation is possible:it finds out the scientific basis and realistic way to realize human liberation,reveals the existence mode of human transcending capitalism and the historical inevitability to realize the free and comprehensive development of everyone.It can be seen that“Capital”is not only an economic work,but also a“scientific truth book”guiding the proletariat to fight for liberation and seize happiness through the communist revolution,which is the deepening and development of Marx’s thought of happiness.