基于随机前沿函数的河北省县域粮食生产效率分析

An Analysis of Grain Production Efficiency at County Level Based on Stochastic Frontier

中国是人口大国,在耕地有限的背景下提高粮食生产效率具有重要意义。采用随机前沿分析方法从县域视角对2007―2016年间河北省135个县(市)的粮食生产效率及主要影响因素进行了实证分析。研究表明:2007―2016年期间,河北省各县域的粮食生产效率虽然整体呈上升趋势,但大多数县域粮食生产效率仍处于中等水平,且县域间差异显著,高效率地区与低效率地区差距大。从影响因素的作用分析,粮作系数和有效灌溉面积比例对技术效率的提升作用明显,但有效灌溉面积属于限制性因素。粮食生产技术人员对粮食生产效率的提高呈正相关,人均GDP对技术效率的正向作用显著。耕地面积的保证与有效的灌溉是提高河北省各个县域粮食生产效率的关键因素,同时应注意农技人员的搭配。

China is a populous country and it is of great significance to improve the efficiency of grain production in the context of limited cultivable land.This paper empirically analyzed grain production efficiency and the main influencing factors based on the method of stochastic frontier analysis with a sample of 135 counties(cities)in Hebei Province from 2007 to 2016.The results showed that:(1)from 2007 to 2016,although the grain production efficiency of Hebei counties as a whole showed an upward trend,the grain production efficiency in most counties was still at a medium level,the difference between counties was significant,and there was a difference between high-efficiency and low-efficiency areas.(2)from the analysis of the effect of influencing factors,the ratio of grain yield coefficient and effective irrigation area have a significant effect on the improvement of technical efficiency,but effective irrigation area was a limiting factor;the number of grain production technicians was positively correlated with the improvement of grain production efficiency as per capita GDP be.The promotion of technical efficiency was important.Therefore,the guarantee of cultivated land area and effective irrigation are the key factors to improve the grain production efficiency of counties in Hebei Province.At the same time attention should be paid to the supporting role of agricultural technicians.